Battery Charging.A.Ensuring correct polarity, connect battery charger.B.The battery should be charged at normal bench charge rate.Battery is fully charged when the charging voltage and electrolyte level show no increase over a period of at least 2 hours.Minimum charging is 4 hours.The charge time must be extended on a pro-rata basis if the only available current is lower than that specified.C.Acid temperature must not exceed 50°C during charging.If necessary, interrupt or decrease charging current.D.Check that specific gravity on all cells is 1.280 (0.010 when fully charged).E.Now, replace the vent plug and check electrolyte levels in all cells two hours after charging.Using distilled water, adjust to 15 mm above the plates or to the "MAX" line, if necessary.Visual Checks.Look out for powder forming around the battery terminals or bases of batteries and for leaks.This can lead to corrosion.Look out for any damage or knocks to the batteries.Battery Maintenance.A.Battery tops and terminals must be kept clean.B.Use petroleum jelly or similar to coat terminals and connections sparingly.C.NEVER overtighten terminals, but keep them tight.D.Electrolyte should be 3 mm (1/8") to 6 mm (1/4") above the top of the plates.Check regularly.Use only distilled water or chemically pure water if topping up is required.E.Ensure the alternator/generator belt is tensioned to manufacturer's recommendations.Check it regularly.Also check regularly for signs of wear.Battery Testing.Always make a visual examination before testing batteries with instruments.1.Corroded terminals - a white powdery substance around post connections which may prevent battery charging.2.Check that all cells contain electrolyte.A dry cell indicates a cracked casing.3.Check for loose terminals and any other external damage.Hydrometer Testing Use a hydrometer to establish the specific gravity of the sulphuric acid in the battery, and as a result of the state of charge.Method.1.Do not add distilled water.2.Keep the barrel upright, draw up enough electrolyte from each cell in turn to allow the float to ride free.If necessary, tilt the battery to obtain sufficient electrolyte.Read off at eye level.1.270 to 1.280 S G Full Charge 1.220 to 1.230 S G Half Charge 1.150 to 1.220 S G Discharged.The readings from all cells should be within 0.030 points.If the variance is greater, then it is likely that the battery needs replacing.If all cells are consistently low, the battery may still be serviceable but we advise battery replacement as quickly as possible.Diesel Generator Batteries.Diesel generators are rarely thought of when mentioning power protection systems and batteries but a battery is a key component in any standby generator.The battery is required to start-up the generator as soon as the mains power fails and without it, the generator would be pointless.
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